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Allergic rhinitis and its management
Allergic rhinitis (commonly known as 'hay fever', althoughit is not related to hay and there is no fever) is a condition characterized by rhinorrhoea, nasal obstruction, sneezing,conjunctivitis, lacrimation, and nasal and pharyngeal itching. It is usually seasonal, with tree pollens being theallergen in the spring months and grass pollen in the summer. A perennial form occurs in those patients sensitiveto allergens such as house dust, which are in the air allyear round.
Food allergy is an often quoted but clinicallyrare cause of rhinitis.Pathologically the mucosa of the nose is oedematousand inflamed, and the secretions are rich in eosinophils.Nasal polyps and sinus infection may be present, especiallyin the perennial type. The conjunctivae are congested andoedematous.
The diagnosis is made by taking a carefulhistory. Skinprick testing for a battery of common allergensis helpful. Serum IgE is usually elevated, and occasionallya radioallergoimmunosorbent test will help to define theallergen. The major differential diagnosis is from vasomotorrhinitis, which is a similar syndrome but with nodocumented allergic basis. Other conditions that maypresent in a similar fashion include exposure to irritantsand repeated upper respiratory tract infections.
Management
Although the symptoms of allergic rhinitis tend to improveas the subject gets older, they can, when active, be severe.Most of the relevant allergens are ubiquitous and thereforeunavoidable. The first line of treatment is topical:nasal sprays or drops containing corticosteroids, such asbeclometasone or budesonide, or disodium cromoglycate,are useful when used on a regular basis. Disodium cromoglycateeyedrops are also helpful for the conjunctivitis.
These drugs can be supplemented by a non-sedating antihistamineby mouth, such as loratadine and fexofenadineor astemizole. The place of hyposensitization is debatable,and is usually reserved for isolated grass pollen allergy.Hyposensitization can be complicated by anaphylacticshock and should only be undertaken where resuscitationfacilities are available. Occasionally a small dose of oralcorticosteroids, e.g. prednisolone (10-15mg/day), or one ortwo injections of a depot corticosteroid during the seasonmay be necessary.
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does jeruzalem have a pagan past?
isn't it a coincidence that mecca and jeruzalem are both built on top of pre-historic and still existing wells of water? did it all start with the miracle of allyear round water supply for a thirsty people?
Everything has a Pagan past. For example, Sunday worship came from the "adopted" Egyptian Ra's Day. Ra being the Sun God.
Most "ancient" altars in Christianized churchs faced East, being the direction of the sun.
Yule is December 21, a day when the night is longer than the day. Celebrated because after this day, the sun will stay around longer and longer. Jesus was born in July, therefore it was "mixed" with Yule to give it Jesus's birthday.
Ostara is the same day as Easter. Sound familiar? We are celebrating life returning to the Earth, same as life returning to Jesus. Ever wonder how bunnies and eggs made it into the celebration? They are two symbols of fertility and life.
And let's not forget the holiday of Halloween. Called Samhain (saw-when) it is the literal Witche's Celebration of our dearly departed dead. We remember them in ritual and with offerings of candy and sweets. When people would go door to door, they would dress up in costumes designed to "scare" any spirits that may want to "hang around".
Not to mention Catholic Ritual. They have stolen the movements, the offering of bread and wine, and the costumes. Ever wonder why certain members of the church are dressed differently? Same thing. Colors symbolize the different "levels" in our Covens.
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